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Elohim
„U početku stvori Bog nebo i zemlju.“
Riječ upotrebljena za Bog je Elohim i po definiciji je plural-množina. Doslovno značenje te riječi je "bogovi" (kao u Post 35:2) ili "ljudi sa autoritetom, suci" (npr.Izl 21;6 22;8,9), "anđeli" (Psal. 8:5). Elohim se koristi i za običnu jedninu (Izlak 22:20) "Tko bi prinosio žrtve kojemu kumiru (elohim)-osim Jahvi jedinome-neka bude izručen prokletstvu, potpuno uništen".
Suci 6:31 "...Ako je on (Baal) bog (elohim), neka se sam brani..."
Izlak 7:1 "Mojsiju je Jahve odgovorio; Vidi! Faraonu ću te nametnutu kao božanstvo (elohim)..."
1.Samuel 5:7 "...protiv našega boga (elohim) Dagona"...
Naravno da Elohim ima veze sa množinom. Ali BOGOVA a ne OSOBA u jednom božanstvu! Reći da Elohim kad se odnosi na Jahvu predstavlja nekakvu zajednicu osoba a ne bogova je obično nagađanje. Vjerojatnije je da je osim kad predstavlja očitu množinu
(1.) u slučajevima kad se odnosi na jednu osobu
(2.) to naglašava (pojačava, uvećava) a kako je to zaista česta i višeznačna riječ i nemamo takav opis koja dopušta biblijski prikaz da predstavlja multiosobnost u Bogu, mislim da to ne možemo korisiti kao dokaz tvoje teorije.
Drugim riječima, kad Elohim predstavlja jednu osobu (poput Jahve), to može biti samo dokaz njegove veličine, ali kao jedne osobe ne kao zajednice osoba jer Elohim NE znači skupina osoba već bogova.
Definicija
1. (plural)
a. rulers, judges
b. divine ones
c. angels
d. gods
2. (plural intensive - singular meaning)
a. god, goddess
b. godlike one
c. works or special possessions of God
d. the (true) God
e. God
Elohim se koristi za JHVH, anđele, ljudske vladare, suce, Mojsija, lažne bogove, idole. Zanivljivo bi bilo znati šta Trinitarijancima znači izraz "stvoriti na sliku Božju"?
Očito je da izraz (načinimo) govori da se Bog Jahve obraća svom Sinu Isusu koji je isto tako slika Boga nevidljivoga (Kološ. 1:15 -2.Korin. 4:3 -Hebr. 1:3) i po kome Bog stvara svjetove (Hebr 1:2). Da li su anđeli stvoreni na sliku Božju? Ako nisu, zašto nisu? Ako je Isus slika Boga nevidljivoga, tada zasigurno ne može biti i taj isti Bog? Zar ne?
Kakve veze ima što Bog (Elohim) govori u množini? Zašto bi Bog, čak i da se sastoji od tri osobe govorio u množini? Ako su sve tri osobe isti Bog zašto je množina uopće potrebna? Nije li jednina dovoljna?
Dakle AKO Elohim govori u množini i nekome se obraća, tada to mora biti neki drugi Elohim, zar ne? Pretpostavlja se da se Otac obraća Sinu i S.Duhu ali bez ikakvih dokaza. Ne piše da govori Bog Otac već Bog (Elohim), da li se Bog obraća samom sebi? Nije li logičnije da se taj Elohim (Jahve) obraća nekome tko je stvoren na Njegovu sliku i po kome stvara svjetove (Isusu) i čijim će posredovanjem stvoriti i ljude na sliku Božju?
Biblija kaže da smo stvoreni na sliku Božju i kako je Isus također stvoren na sliku Božju (Kološ. 1:15 2.Kor 4;3 Heb 1;3) potpuno je jasno da smo na taj način slični i Isusu. Naravno, nismo mu identični ali svi smo slika samoga Boga. Nismo li mi Isusova braća (Heb 2;11,12 Mat 12;50 25;40)?
Ako Elohim ne znači više bogova već više osoba u jednom Bogu, onda to lepo treba dokazati iz Biblije. Do tada Elohim znači prvenstveno množinu, tj. BOGOVI i sekundarno, jedninu koja je upotrebljavana često u SZ i očito znači jednu osobu jer Pismo ne opisuje nikakvu multiosobnost pod tim pojmom. Dok se ne dokaže da Elohim znači osobe u bilo kojem kontekstu, onda se samo nagađa.
Pokazati primjer gdje Elohim znači tri osobe? NIGDE !
U biblijskom hebrejskom, imenice znaju biti u množini iako je potpuno jasno da nisu takve u značenju. Poput, hajim ("life") i panim ("face", "presence", "countenance"). Množina po obliku ali jednina po značenju.
Ili "Adon", koji je često u množini ali označava jednu osobu (Abraham, Post 24;9-10, Josip, Post 42;30,33, kralj Egipta, Post 40:1... itd...). Interesatno da takve činjenice nikada ne čujemo od strane trinitarijanaca a zna se zašto.
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Equally striking is the fact that the same term, elohim, is used of the individual false gods of Israel's surrounding nations. Elohim is used of Dagon, the god of the Philistines (1 Sam. 5:7); of Chemosh, the god of Ammon and Moab (Jud. 11:24; 1 Kings 11:33); of Ashtarte (or Ashtoreth), the god(dess) of the Sidonians (1 Kings 11:33); of Milcom, another god of the Ammorites (1 Kings 11:33). In Smith's Bible Dictionary (NISBE) no plurality in any one of these gods is even hinted at. Additionally, in Ezra's prayer in Nehemiah 9:18, elohim is used to refer to the single golden calf made by Israel in the wilderness.
What we need to know is how the Hebrew word elohim (and its variations of el and eloah) are used in the Bible, and if this has any application to John 20:28. The Bible uses these words in many different ways, in applications to men, angels, and even inanimate objects. Thomas, being a Hebrew was no doubt aware of this. EL signifies strong or powerful. This word is Hebrew #410 in Strong's Hebrew and Chaldee Dictionary, which defines it as: "short. from 352; strength; as adj. mighty; espec. the Almighty (but used also of any deity)." Crosswalk's Online Hebrew Lexicon defines it similarly: "shortened from 0352 TWOT - 93a n m ; AV - God 213, god 16, power 4, mighty 5, goodly 1, great 1, idols 1, Immanuel + 06005 2, might 1, strong 1; 245; 1) god, god-like one, mighty one; 1a) mighty men, men of rank, mighty heroes; 1b) angels; 1c) god, false god, (demons, imaginations); 1d) God, the one true God, Jehovah; 2) mighty things in nature; 3) strength, power".
Other authorities give it the same or similar meanings. Consequently it is applicable to any powerful being and especially so the most powerful - the Almighty Yahweh, and is thus used in relative terms applicable to those whom or what it is being applied. That the word is thus used may be readily seen by anyone who will carefully note the following texts from the King James Version, in which English translations of the Hebrew word El are in denoted by *..*: "It is in the *power* of my hand." (Genesis 31:29) "There shall be no *might* in thine hand." (Deuteronomy 28:32) "Neither is it in our *power*." (Nehemiah 5:5) "Like the *great* mountains." (Psalm 36:6) "In the *power* of thine hand to do it." (Proverbs 3:27) "Pray unto *a god* [mighty one] that cannot save." (Isaiah 45:20) "Who among the sons of the *mighty*." (Psalm 89:6) "God standeth in the congregation of the *mighty*." (Psalm 82:1) "Who is like unto thee, O Lord [Yahweh] among the *Gods* [mighty ones or ruling ones]?" (Exodus 15:11) "Give unto the Lord [Yahweh] of ye *mighty*." (Psalm 29:1) "The mighty *God* [ruler] even the Lord [Yahweh]." (Psalm 50:1).
Angels as Gods
(Ps 8:5) You also proceeded to make him a little less than godlike ones [Heb: elohim], And with glory and splendor you then crowned him.
Brenton's LXX: Psalm 8:5 Thou madest him a little less than angels, thou hast crowned him with glory and honour;
New Revised Standard: Deuteronomy 32:43 Praise, O heavens, his people, worship him, all you gods! For he will avenge the blood of his children, and take vengeance on his adversaries; he will repay those who hate him, and cleanse the land for his people.
Brenton's LXX: Deuteronomy 32:43 Rejoice, ye heavens, with him, and let all the angels of God worship him; rejoice ye Gentiles, with his people, and let all the sons of God strengthen themselves in him; for he will avenge the blood of his sons, and he will render vengeance, and recompense justice to his enemies, and will reward them that hate him; and the Lord shall purge the land of his people.
Once again, the author of Hebrews confirmed this understanding when he quoted it at Hebrews 1:6: (Heb 1:6) But when he again brings his Firstborn into the inhabited earth, he says: "And let all God's angels do obeisance to him."
(Ps 97:7) Let all those serving any carved image be ashamed, Those who are making their boast in valueless gods. Bow down to him, all you gods.
Brenton's LXX: Psalm 96:7 Let all that worship graven images be ashamed, who boast of their idols; worship him, all ye his angels.
(Ps 138:1) I shall laud you with all my heart. In front of other gods I shall make melody to you.
Brenton's LXX: Psalm 137:1 I will give thee thanks, O Lord, with my whole heart; and I will sing psalms to thee before the angels; for thou hast heard all the words of my mouth.
(De 10:17) For YHWH your God is the God of gods and the Lord of lords, the God great, mighty and fear-inspiring, who treats none with partiality nor accepts a bribe,
(Ps 136:2) Give thanks to the God of the gods: For his loving-kindness is to time indefinite;
Origen quoted Psalm 136:2 and gave the following commentary. Note the understanding of "gods:" God on the one hand is Very God (Autotheos, God of himself); and so the Savior says in His prayer to the Father, "That they may know Thee the only true God;" but that all beyond the Very God is made God by participation in His divinity, and is not to be called simply God (or, god, without the article), but rather God (or, God, with the article). And thus the first-born of all creation, who is the first to be with God, and to attract to Himself divinity is a being of more exalted rank than the other gods beside Him, of whom God is the God, as it is written, "The God of gods, the Lord [YHWH], hath spoken and called the earth." [Ps. 136:2] It was by the offices of the first-born that they became gods, for they drew from God in generous measure that they should be made gods, and He communicated it to them according to his own bounty. The true God, then, is "The God," and those who are formed after him are gods, images, as it were, of Him the prototype." -Origen, Commentary on John, Ante Nicene Fathers 10, Book 2, p. 323.
(Ps 82:1,6) God is stationing himself in the assembly of the Divine One; In the middle of the gods he judges: 6 "I myself have said, 'You are gods, And all of you are sons of the Most High.
Humans as Gods
(Ex 4:16) And he must speak for you to the people; and it must occur that he will serve as a mouth to you, and you will serve as God to him.
(Ex 7:1) Consequently YHWH said to Moses: "See, I have made you God to Phar'aoh, and Aaron your own brother will become your prophet.
Messianic king in Psalms 45:6 (verse 7 in the Hebrew Bible) are each referred to as elohim
Finally, the Septuagint (known as "LXX"), the Greek version of the Hebrew Bible (probably translated in the third and second century B.C.E.) ALWAYS translated the Hebrew word for God in the singular (Gr. theos). The LXX version of the Old Testament is often cited in the New Testament instead of the Hebrew.
False Gods
(1Sa 5:7) And the men of Ash'dod came to see that it was so, and they said: "Do not let the ark of the God of Israel dwell with us, because his hand has been hard against us and against Da'gon our god."
(1Ki 11:5) And Sol'o·mon began going after Ash'to·reth the goddess of the Si·do'ni·ans and after Mil'com the disgusting thing of the Am'mon·ites.
(Da 1:2) In time YHWH gave into his hand Je·hoi'a·kim the king of Judah and a part of the utensils of the house of the [true] God, so that he brought them to the land of Shi'nar to the house of his god; and the utensils he brought to the treasure-house of his god [Marduk].
YHWH and Others Collectively Called Gods
(Ps 86:8) There is none like you among the gods, O YHWH, Neither are there any works like yours.
(Ex 18:11) Now I do know that YHWH is greater than all the [other] gods by reason of this affair in which they acted presumptuously against them."
(Ex 22:20) "One who sacrifices to any gods but YHWH alone is to be devoted to destruction.
The word is thus acknowledged as being plural here, and in Exodus 22:8-9, by its translation as judges, but the word used is elohim.
As a final proof, note the Messianic 22nd Psalm. I will quote from only a portion of this Psalm which, when read using common sense, CLEARLY shows that Yahshua (the prophetic focus of this Psalm) refers to God (Elohim and El) as HIS God (Elohim). I will include in parenthesis the Hebrew word translated as "God."
Psalm 22:1,2,10
1 My God (El), my God (El), why hast thou forsaken me? why art thou so far from helping me, and from the words of my roaring? 2 O my God (Elohim), I cry in the daytime, but thou hearest not; and in the night season, and am not silent. ... 10 I was cast upon thee from the womb: thou art my God (El) from my mother's belly.
The King James Version, (Cambridge: Cambridge) 1769.
This single quote from Psalms - and there are other Messianic verses which present the same proof - PROVES that Yahshua is NOT God (Elohim), since he (Yahshua) refers to the ONE, True God as HIS Elohim! Verse 10 also proves how Yahshua worshipped the same God we should worship from his birth! Thus, since Yahshua very clearly referred to the God HE WORSHIPPED as Elohim, the term Elohim cannot possibly refer to Yahshua in the sense of making him God!
Exodus 21:6, "then his master shall bring him unto God ["judges" New International Version]"
Exodus 22:8, " If the thief be not found, then the master of the house shall come near unto God ["judges" New International Version], to see whether he have not put his hand unto his neighbor's goods."
Exodus 22:28: New American Bible "You shall not revile God, nor curse a prince of your people."
New Berkeley Version "Heap no abuse upon judges and do not curse a ruler of your people."
1 Samuel 2:25 "If one man sin against another, God shall judge him" ASV
"If one man sin against another, the judge shall judge him" KJV
Psalm 45:6, "Thy throne [King Solomon], O God ["the Messianic king", Brown Driver &Briggs], is for ever and ever: A sceptre of equity is the sceptre of thy kingdom."
Psalm 58:1 "Do ye indeed speak righteousness, O congregation? do ye judge uprightly, O ye sons of men?" King James
"Do you indeed speak righteousness, O gods? Do you judge uprightly, O sons of men?" New American Standard
Psalm 82:1, "God standeth in the congregation of God; He judgeth among the gods."
Check out the cross-references of the following Bibles, as they point between Psalm 82:1 and the human judges in Exodus:
The Interpreters Bible Psalm 82:1>Ex. 21:6; 22:8, 9; 1 Sam 2:25
New American Standard Bible-Zondervan Study Bible Psalm 82:1>Ex. 21:6; 22:8, 28
NASB Reference Edition Psalm 82:1>Ex. 21:6; 22:8, 28
Dake's Annotated Study Bible KJV Psalm 82:1>Ex. 7:1; 21:6; 22:8, 28 (with footnote, "Heb. elohim, Gods. It is used of earthly judges who represent him.")
New International Version Study Bible ftn, Psalm 82:1>Ex. 21:6; 22:8
Companion Bible KJV Psalm 82:1>Ex. 21:6; 22:8, 28 (with footnote, "gods, Elohim: used of earthly judges as representing Him...Hence Moses is so spoken.")
Psalms 8:5 calls these angels gods, which can be seen by perusing different translations utilizing various source texts.
"Thou hast made him a little lower than the angels, and hast crowned him with glory and splendour." Darby, KJV
"a little lower than the gods." Bible in Basic English
"a little less than a god" New English Bible, New Jerusalem Bible, New American Bible
"a little lower than the heavenly beings" New International Version
"a little lower than God" New American Standard Bible
"you have made him inferior to yourself" Good News Bible (TEV)
Whatever our understanding of the use of Elohim here, it was clearly understood to refer to angels:
“You have made him a little lower than the angels.” NASB, RSV, MKJV Hebrews 2:7
Psalms 97:7 has “Worship him, all ye gods” (ASV) while the Septuagint has “worship him, all ye his angels [AGGELOI}.” Brenton
Psalms 138:1 has “Before the gods will I sing praises unto thee” (ASV) while the Septuagint has “I will sing psalms to thee before the angels [AGGELWN].” Brenton
str. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,